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NURUL DWI RAHMAH NASUTION Pengarang Ika Ucha Pradifta, SST., M.Si. Dosen Pembimbing 1 M.Hendra S Ginting., ST., MT Dosen Pembimbing 2 Heri Purwanto, STP., M.Sc Penguji 1 Budi Mulyara, S.Pi., M.Sc Penguji 2

NURUL DWI RAHMAH NASUTION, 1702067. PHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO) GARDEN PRACTICE OF LPP AGRO NUSANTARA AS RAW MATERIAL OF RED PALM OIL (RPO). The final project of STIPAP students of Plantation Product Processing Technology Study Program was supervised by Ika Ucha Pradifta Rangkuti, SSP., M.Sc. as supervisor I and M. Hendra Ginting, ST., M.Sc. as mentor II. In this study, the manufacture of crude palm oil (CPO) and characterization of crude palm oil (CPO) will be carried out before the stage of making red palm oil (RPO). In this study, samples of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) from the LPP Agro Nusantara practice garden were used with a maturity level of fraction 3 (outer fruit with more than 2), fruit varieties from the Palm Oil Research Center (PPKS), with a plant age of approximately 9 years. With a sample weight of 15 kg of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) which has been bald to make it easier for the boiling process to use manual boiling, namely boiler, furnace, and gas with a time of 90 minutes. The press used also uses a manual press, which is using a press without hydraulic assistance. Purification/separation of oil with sludge also uses a manual method, namely using 5 kg plastic and left for 30 minutes to separate the oil from the sludge. The results obtained were less than optimal, so further purification was carried out using the centrifuge method. The yield or weight of the oil produced is only 4 kg of crude palm oil (CPO), a lot of oil is included with the sludge and a lot of losses that cannot be recovered. The next step is to analyze the quality of crude palm oil (CPO) for 3 consecutive days, free fatty acid (ALB) analysis using the titration method, the results on the first day are 5.52%, the second day is 6.41%, and the third day is 6.88%. , the results obtained are not in accordance with SNI 01-2901-2006 which is 5%. Analysis of moisture content was carried out using the open oven method, the results obtained on the first day 4.16%, the second day 4.80%, and on the third day 5.18%, the results obtained were not in accordance with SNI 01-2901-2006, namely 0, 25%. The analysis of impurities was carried out using the extraction method. The results on the first day were 5.966%, the second day 6.787%, and the third day 7.883%, the results obtained were not in accordance with SNI 01-2901-2006, namely 0.25%. Peroxide number analysis using the titration method, the results obtained on the first day 7.2306 meq/kg, the second day 7.5075 meq/kg, and the third day 7.8462 meq/kg, the results obtained did not meet the reference standards of the Directorate General of Plantations (DGT) 1989 which is 6 meq/kg. Analysis of carotenoids with UV-Visible spectrophotometer method obtained results on the first day of 550 ppm, the second day of 636 ppm, and the third day of 737 ppm, the results obtained still meet the reference standards of the Palm Oil Refiners Association of Malaysia (PORAM) which is 500 - 700 ppm.